Due to its direct and indirect external impacts the transport sector has a crucial role in the economy and the environment. Unfortunately, the natural evolution of technology processes in the sector are insufficient to tackle the environmental problems, therefore decision makers require efficient and effective policy tools to control the passenger transport demands, promoting less polluting transport solutions. Such an appropriate economic tool is road pricing which gives a correct price signal to the users. This article analyses the effects of implementing different road charges on modal choice in Hungary, as based on an equilibrium model. The results give a clear picture about the applicability of such a toll policy in demand management.

This paper presents a system for high level collaboration between humans and intelligent agents in a virtual reality. The proposed system is capable of creating virtual worlds with the simulation of Newtonian physics and their visualization as interface for humans. Furthermore, with voice recognition and synthesization the human interface provides a user friendly way for conversations with intelligent agents. The proposed system is able to connect the different communication modalities allowing the human user to control the intelligens agents using the brain-in-the-loop control method. The system has a standard modular build-up in order to connect different virtual worlds to each other. Finally the capabilities of the system are demonstrated on two examples.

With the wide-spread application of process models and simulators, estimation of model parameters becomes a crucial project. In chemical industry the processes are mostly highly non-linear which makes the identification of model parameters difficult. In the practice the process simulators are not just for design but optimization of operating plants in numerous cases various sets of process data are available to determine the necessary model parameters. With further examination of the historical process data, a new possibility becomes applicable: some time-series segments can provide more information about the estimated model parameters than other parts of the recorded time-series. Since the tools of Optimal Experiment Design (OED) are for maximizing the information content of the experiments regarding to the unknown model parameters, the applicability of these tools in qualifying the recorded process data is obvious. In this paper the connection of classical time-series segmentation and OED tools will be examined throughout a simple polymerization example to prove the efficiency of integration of these tools to support the parameter identification of process models.

Photorealistic rendering is very often used area in computer graphics. It is used to display human body in medicine, buildings in architecture and also in other areas of our life. For photorealistic rendering are very important powerful computer, than it is relative difficult on computing. To render a 3D object in computer graphics a high efficient computer is needed, which enable user to work with graphic information on higher level. In some cases of data visualization rendering can slow-down the whole proccess of computing. One possibility how to solve this problem is to apply photorealistic rendering on distributed systems. Designed system is outgoing from static assigning and sharing of scene based on areas, so that the time needed for rendering doesn’t affect the whole time. Through this architecture rendering should be more effective according to time in distributed systems.

This article proposes a distributed architecture designed for management of crisis situations where multiple actors are involved from various organizations with different competences and communicating over IP-based networks including wireless devices. In such settings requirements exist for secure communication and trusted collection of data from various sources. The primary role of agents in the proposed architecture is coordinated collection of information. In respect to requirements the overall agent infrastructure must be a secure, robust and fail resistant system. The required level of trust for agents is based on a special hardware module which provides trusted computing functionality. In the article we describe such architecture in terms of detailed requirements, design and decomposition to subsystems. We also provide a sample use case scenario inspired by concrete crisis situation. The architecture described herein is being used within the scope of an EU integrated project called Secricom; therefore we briefly describe the integration points with other systems involved in the project. We conclude with current state of the architecture implementation and with further plans concerning the development of the described architecture.

Petri nets are a powerful formalism for the specification and verification of concurrent and real-time systems. Real-time systems must be carefully verified because even a small failure in these systems can cause loss of human lives. For this purposes the time reachability analysis of Petri nets with incorporated time issue is more than suitable. The best known and probably the most used Petri nets with incorporated time issue are Time Petri Nets. To perform sophisticated time analyses of systems the Time Basic Nets are far more suitable then Time Petri Nets. This paper presents notions and notations of these nets, their properties and mainly the application of the reachability analysis approach of Time Petri Nets to Time Basic Nets for the purpose of easier time examination.

Model Predictive Control (MPC) is an advanced method of process control that has been in use in the process industry such as chemical plants and oil refineries since the 1980s. Model predictive controllers rely on dynamic models of the process, obtained by system identification. In this work a design approach for control of ventilation system in road tunnel by model predictive control algorithm is described. Predictive control seems to be an appropriate approach that can help to improve properties of existing ventilation systems. Advantages of predictive control result mainly from its ability to solve both SISO and MIMO tasks, to have regard for dynamics of process changes in a broad extent, to compensate effect of measurable and non-measurable failures and to formulate the task as an „optimization control task“ considering limiting conditions of control actions, changes of control actions and output variables. We can use identification of the system based on the data obtained from the real ventilation system.

Medical thermography is non-invasive, non-radiation, painless and non-contact imaging technique with numerous medical applications including musculoskeletal system, its disorders and injuries. Often it is useful to cross-reference the resulting thermograms with visual images of the body; either to see which part of the musculoskeletal system is affected by a certain disease or injury or to judge the efficacy of the treatment. Presented paper deals with application of the thermal imaging to measure lower extremities surface temperature distribution in 20 healthy individuals. The aim was to asses the proper technical way of the measurement. To confirm the results in humans, the blackbody calibration device was used.

One way, how to deal with the packet losses for video transmitted over congested network is using connection-oriented, end-toend reliable protocol. In this paper we focused on transmission control protocols, which fulfill the conditions for reliable delivery of information. TCP Tahoe and TCP Reno implementation supported by TCP are part of congestion avoidance mechanisms of the protocol suite. The main difference between them is mechanism of detection and reaction on the packet loss. Thus we have tried to evaluate their performance using Opnet simulation software.

We build a full network laboratory simulator that is as realistic as possible. To provide the “real” feeling, we use the Cisco router emulator called Dynamips, which is able to execute Cisco IOS for certain router platforms. By combining this emulator with host and network virtualization technologies we build whole virtual network laboratory comprising of routers, switches, PIX/ASA firewalls and simple network end-nodes on which our students could practice basic networking configuration and troubleshooting. We build information system with fair, secure and controlled access for students to this simulated laboratory.